“ Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) refers to a complex range of brain injuries that can result from prenatal exposure to alcohol (PAE). It is an umbrella term that has evolved over time and is used to denote an array of developmental, physical, learning and behavioral conditions.
The bottom line is that pre-natal exposure to alcohol, in combination with other risk factors, may cause brain injuries, which are expressed in unique and individual ways. FASD can occur in all segments of society. Poverty, genetics, maternal stress, poor nutrition and other prenatal exposures can influence the severity of FASD. Prenatal exposure to alcohol, while not the sole component contributing to FASD, is a necessary one and therefore FASD is preventable.”
Source: Consensus Statement on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) – Across the Lifespan
Institute of Health Economics Consensus Statements Volume 4 – October 7 - 9, 2009
The umbrella term covers several alcohol related medical diagnoses which include: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Partial FAS
Alcohol-Related Neuro-developmental Disorder
Alcohol-Related Birth Defects
How is FASD Diagnosed?
There are no definitive biological markers for FASD such as a blood test or the use of imaging technology. National guidelines for diagnosis were developed and accepted across Canada in 2005. The Canadian Practice Guidelines for FASD were published in 2005 to review and clarify the use of current diagnostic systems. The diagnosis involves a comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment of brain function.
How does FASD affect the individual, their families/ caregivers? People affected by FASD may have significant difficulties with memory, attention, self-care, decision making, social skills and may experience mental health disorders such as depression and addiction. FASD is also often complicated by medical issues such as higher rates of heart disease, hearing and vision problems.
FASD also has a dramatic impact on families. A family can be considered biological , adoptive or a foster family for the individual. FASD is a life-long disability and therefore individuals and families must be aware of the impact on their lives and supports that are available.
How can FASD be prevented?
FASD prevention requires a complex, culturally sensitive, multi-level initiatives that address very specific barriers and opportunities for learning, engagement and supportive change
To successfully prevent FASD it is critical to involve women, men, their support systems, community advocates, health promotion experts, researchers, health/social system planners, and service providers in designing initiatives.
